Suggestions for Preparing the Nurse for the Future

Abstract

ONCE we define nursing as a science and a practice it is evident that the definition needs the support of a theoretical framework from which principles and practice can be derived. Research, in turn, into aspects of practice should continuously contribute to theory development. Opinions vary on what constitutes a theoretical basis of nursing. Preparing nurses for their evolving and future role in the health care system of society would, however, appear futile without a theoretical framework. It would be like asking a person to stand up on the basis of his muscles, viscera, circulation and nerves, yet without a bony skeleton. In other words, without a theoretical framework nursing cannot take its proper stand among the health professions and the ability of nurses to function on the health team is seriously impeded. THE NEED FOR THEORY The theoretical basis for present-day curricula of university nursing programs at the basic and graduate levels of preparation should be carefully examined and evaluated to determine what changes are needed and how these can be implemented. A conceptual framework appears imperative for the selection of supporting courses from the biological, physical and behavioural sciences and for the development of nursing courses. The fact that nursing needs to be the centre of the theoretical construct, and not a by-product, needs to be firmly established.